(으)로
(eu)ro
One arrow, and (으)로 is finished
The picture Draw one arrow. Which way it points, what it travels on, and where it ends up — that is the whole particle. 에 puts a dot on the place you arrive at; (으)로 draws an arrow toward it — 병원에 가요 ends at the hospital, 오른쪽으로 가요 only heads that way.
Where the picture shows up in (으)로
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the way it points
오른쪽으로 가세요.
o-reun-jjo-geu-ro ga-se-yo
Go to the right.
At a fork in the road, an arrow is drawn in front of you pointing to the right
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the road it travels
이 길로 가면 더 빨라요.
i gil-lo ga-myeon deo ppal-la-yo
It's faster if you go this way.
Of the two roads, an arrow is laid down the length of this one and runs ahead
이 길을 가다 is walking the road itself; 이 길로 가다 is choosing that road as your direction.
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what it rides on
카드로 계산할게요.
ka-deu-ro gye-san-hal-ge-yo
I'll pay by card.
The payment crosses over to the card terminal using a card as its bridge
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where it ends up
약속을 월요일로 바꿔도 될까요?
yak-so-geul wo-ryo-il-lo ba-kkwo-do doel-kka-yo
Could we move the appointment to Monday?
The appointment sticker on the calendar rides an arrow and lands on the Monday square
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what it came from
이건 콩으로 만든 거예요.
i-geon kong-eu-ro man-deun geo-ye-yo
This is made from soybeans.
An arrow runs out of a bowl of soybeans and lands on the finished dish
All of it in one picture
(으)로 is not a stack of meanings; it is one arrow. Point it right at the fork and it is a direction; lay it down the length of this road and it is the route you take. Let a payment cross on a card and it is the means; let the appointment sticker ride it onto the Monday square and it is where things ended up. Run it from a bowl of beans to a finished dish and it is what the food came out of. So when you see (으)로, picture one arrow drawn from somewhere toward somewhere.