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置く

o-ku

The verb hiding inside do it in advance

The picture You set something down in a spot, take your hand away, and leave it there. 置く takes the hand away and leaves the thing where it sits; 持つ keeps the grip.

Core verbs

Where the picture shows up in 置く

  1. Setting it down in a spot

    かばんはここに置いてください。

    kaban wa koko ni oite kudasai

    Please put your bag here.

    The bag you were carrying goes down onto one spot on the floor, and your hand comes away.

  2. Kept on the shelf

    この店はお酒を置いていません。

    kono mise wa o-sake o oite imasen

    This shop does not carry alcohol.

    On the shop's shelf, the place where bottles would sit is simply empty.

    Having it sitting on the shelf is exactly how you say a shop stocks it.

  3. Put back where it was

    使ったら元の場所に置きます。

    tsukattara moto no basho ni oki-masu

    When I am done, I put it back in its place.

    The thing you finished using goes back into its own slot, and your hand comes away.

  4. Done in advance and left that way

    窓を開けておきます。

    mado o akete oki-masu

    I will leave the window open.

    You open the window, leave it like that, and walk out of the room.

    The ~ておく form is this same picture: do it, then leave the result standing.

  5. Leaving a gap

    少し間を置いてから電話します。

    sukoshi ma o oite kara denwa shimasu

    I will leave it a little while and then call.

    Before calling, you leave one block of time empty and wait for that block to pass.

All of it in one picture

置く is one picture: you take your hand away and leave the thing there. Set the bag down and leave it and it is put here; leave the shelf spot empty and the shop does not carry it; return it to its slot and it is back in place; open the window and leave it and you have done it in advance; leave a block of time empty and you are leaving a gap. So the weight in 置く is not on the setting down but on what stays there after the hand is gone.

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