through
θruː
In one end, out the other
The picture You enter at one end, pass all the way inside, and come out at the far end. Through cuts right inside and out the far end; over rides across the top.
Where the picture shows up in through
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cutting through the tunnel
The train goes through the tunnel.
ðə treɪn ɡoʊz θruː ðə ˈtʌnəl
The train runs through the tunnel.
The train enters one mouth of the mountain and comes out the other
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the line reaches the other end
I'll put you through to the manager.
aɪl pʊt juː θruː tuː ðə ˈmænɪdʒər
I'll connect you to the manager.
My voice runs the whole length of the line and comes out at the manager's ear
The voice travels along the line until it comes out the other side.
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front cover to back cover
She read through the whole contract.
ʃiː red θruː ðə hoʊl ˈkɑːntrækt
She read the whole contract carefully.
The eyes run from the first line of the contract to the last without stopping
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out the far end, done
Are you through with the report?
ɑːr juː θruː wɪð ðə rɪˈpɔːrt
Have you finished the report?
You have stepped out of the far mouth of the tunnel called the report
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still inside the tunnel
He's going through a hard time.
hiːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ θruː ə hɑːrd taɪm
He's having a rough stretch right now.
Still walking in the middle of the tunnel, with no exit in sight yet
All of it in one picture
Through is one tunnel: in at one end, all the way inside, out at the other. Come out the mountain and you have gone through; ride the phone line to its end and you are put through; run from the first line to the last and you have read it through; step out of the far mouth and you are through with it; still inside and you are going through it. Once you are in, it ends only at the far end — that is the feeling under every through.